Boston, Massachusetts, December 3, 1860 YOUR HANDS ARE FULL OF BLOOD; cease to do evil, learn to do well; seek judgment; relieve the oppressed; judge for the fatherless; plead for the widow., The American church is guilty, when viewed in connection with what it is doing to uphold slavery; but it is superlatively guilty when viewed in connection with its ability to abolish slavery. This includes commencement invitations from historically black colleges and universities, a fourth edition of Lunsford Lane's slave narrative, and newspaper clippings. by Frederick Douglass. With them, justice, liberty and humanity were final; not slavery and oppression. Giant's Causeway: Frederick Douglass's Irish Odyssey and the Making of an American Visionary. From the round top of your ship of state, dark and threatening clouds may be seen. Progress of Slavery whose chains, heavy and grievous yesterday, are, to-day, rendered more intolerable by the jubilee shouts that reach them. A worship that can be conducted by persons who refuse to give shelter to the houseless, to give bread to the hungry, clothing to the naked, and who enjoin obedience to a law forbidding these acts of mercy, is a curse, not a blessing to mankind. Men of Color, To Arms! The New National Era, September 8, 1870 One is struck with the difference between the attitude of the American church towards the anti-slavery movement, and that occupied by the churches in England towards a similar movement in that country. Hear his savage yells and his blood-chilling oaths, as he hurries on his affrighted captives! From police shootings to the wage gap to crippling stereotypes (and everything in between), there are too many parallels today with what Douglass described in his speech to white America, including this relevant line. I n a very telling sign, the fateful words of Frederick Douglass from a speech he delivered 170 years ago still resonate Douglass Monthly, March 1862 WebThe Writings and Speeches Subseries includes addresses given by Hunter and others. Three score years and ten is the allotted time for individual men; but nations number their years by thousands. Is it at the gateway? Many contemporary Americans seem pessimistic about the prospect of building a modern-day Composite Nation a multiracial, multiethnic and multireligious democracy that reflects the changing demographics of the country. That people contented themselves under the shadow of Abrahams great name, while they repudiated the deeds which made his name great. No abuse, no outrage whether in taste, sport or avarice, can now hide itself from the all-pervading light. WebManuscript/Mixed Material Frederick Douglass Papers: Speech, Article, and Book File, 1846-1894; Speeches and Articles by Others. It is a fact, that whatever makes for the wealth or for the reputation of Americans, and can be had cheap! Fighting Rebels with Only One Hand One recent poll found that 64% of Americans believe that their democracy is in crisis and at risk of failing.. This is the inevitable conclusion, and from it there is no escape. When the Negro is degraded and ignorant he conforms to a popular standard of what a negro should be. But he said that what makes the US the envy of the world is its citizens halting yet ultimately successful struggle to expand the very rights the Founders sought to limit. How did Frederick Douglass become involved in the abolitionist movement? What Abraham Lincoln said in respect of the United States is as true of the colored people as of the relations of those States. Quarantine and Disease Control in America, Reconstruction of Southern States: Pamphlets. I remember, also, that, as a people, Americans are remarkably familiar with all facts which make in their own favor. It is the antagonistic force in your government, the only thing that seriously disturbs and endangers yourUnion. As to extinction, the prospect in that direction has been greatly clouded by the census just taken, in which it is seen that our increase is ten per cent. WebThe Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Frederick Douglass published three autobiographies. For customers in other countries: Mexico and South America: Contact TriLiteral Of Douglasss many speeches, What to the Slave Is the Fourth here lies the merit, and the one which, of all others, seems unfashionable in our day. Yet to freeze-frame Douglass life in the familiar contours of 19th-century American history misses out on the radical nature of his Composite Nation (also known as Our Composite Nationality) speech. While drawing encouragement from the Declaration of Independence, the great principles it contains, and the genius of American Institutions, my spirit is also cheered by the obvious tendencies of the age. Change). Her speed had faltered under the weight of her child and her chains! It is the birthday of your National Independence, and of your political freedom. Let it be thundered around the world, that, in tyrant-killing, king-hating, people-loving, democratic, Christian America, the seats of justice are filled with judges, who hold their offices under an open and palpablebribe, and are bound, in deciding in the case of a mans liberty,hear only his accusers! Douglass Monthly, May 1861 The New National Era, December 5, 1872 You shed tears over fallen Hungary, and make the sad story of her wrongs the theme of your poets, statesmen and orators, till your gallant sons are ready to fly to arms to vindicate her cause against her oppressors; but, in regard to the ten thousand wrongs of the American slave, you would enforce the strictest silence, and would hail him as an enemy of the nation who dares to make those wrongs the subject of public discourse! The slaveholders themselves acknowledge it in the enactment of laws for their government. This enormous collection of African American newspapers contains a wealth of information about cultural life and history during the 1800s and is rich with first-hand reports of the major events and issues of the day. Of this sort of change they are always strongly in favor. Were the nation older, the patriots heart might be sadder, and the reformers brow heavier. Friends and citizens, I need not enter further into the causes which led to this anniversary. Uniforcation for us is life; separation is death. In a little-known speech, Frederick Douglass sketched a vision of a post-racial America a century before the term was invented. A Day and a Night in Uncle Toms Cabin Lessons of the Hour: An Address With contributions from donors, Library of America preserves and celebrates a vital part of our cultural heritage for generations to come. The True Issue I answer: a day that reveals to him, more than all other days in the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim. The simple story of it is that, 76 years ago, the people of this country were British subjects. Frederick Douglass Paper, June 2, 1854 The reason people paid attention to him and looked fondly This comprehensive biography on Douglass by David Blight is worth the 700-page read. By that most foul and fiendish of all human decrees, the liberty and person of every man are put in peril. Ever ready to drink, to treat, and to gamble. The fate of many a slave has depended upon the turn of a single card; and many a child has been snatched from the arms of its mother by bargains arranged in a state of brutal drunkenness. He argued that freedom would be empty if former slaves were not guaranteed the rights and protections of American citizens. My business, if I have any here today, is with the present. Douglass closed out his speech with the following emphasis on the continued presence of black Americans in the United States, their allegiance and willingness to assume their full role in developing the countrys success. In the Other Professional Papers Subseries, there is a variety of miscellaneous printed materials and papers that cover Hunter's career as a teacher and principal, involvement in the N.C. Industrial Association, and role in the N.C. Negro State Fair. After escaping from slavery, Frederick married Anna. Other topics include Durham and Raleigh, N.C. history; the temperance movement, Hunter's personal matters and family finances, the North Carolina Industrial Association, and the N.C. Negro State Fair. Common sources include the Library of Congress, The Flickr Commons, Wikimedia Commons, and other public archives. Until the courts of the country shall grant the colored man a fair trial and a just verdict, this discussion will go on. All Rights Reserved. He said. They were peace men; but they preferred revolution to peaceful submission to bondage. It fetters your progress; it is the enemy of improvement, the deadly foe of education; it fosters pride; it breeds insolence; it promotes vice; it shelters crime; it is a curse to the earth that supports it; and yet, you cling to it, as if it were the sheet anchor of all your hopes. There is not a nation on the earth guilty of practices, more shocking and bloody, than are the people of these United States, at this very hour. Mr. Frederick Douglass spoke intelligently and articulately in this well-written letter to his old master, Thomas Auld. Albert Barnes but uttered what the common sense of every man at all observant of the actual state of the case will receive as truth, when he declared that There is no power out of the church that could sustain slavery an hour, if it were not sustained in it.. Douglass had become an internationally celebrated speaker and newspaper editor. The country was attempting to build its first multiracial democracy through the passage of the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments, which ended slavery, granted Black men the right to vote and introduced birthright citizenship. Cling to this day cling to it, and to its principles, with the grasp of a storm-tossed mariner to a spar at midnight. I am not included within the pale of this glorious anniversary! Douglass Monthly, May 1861 His agents were sent into every town and county in Maryland, announcing their arrival, through the papers, and on flaming hand-bills, headed CASH FOR NEGROES. University Press London website to place your order. Their opposition to the then dangerous thought was earnest and powerful; but, amid all their terror and affrighted vociferations against it, the alarming and revolutionary idea moved on, and the country with it. There are forces in operation, which must inevitably work the downfall of slavery. You were under the British Crown. (LogOut/ Fellow-citizens, I shall not presume to dwell at length on the associations that cluster about this day. I, therefore, leave off where I began, with hope. Removal to any of the territories is out of the question. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The Future of the Colored Race They believed in order; but not in the order of tyranny. My Experience and My Mission to Great Britain: An Address He implied that constant predictions of democratic doom could become self-fulfilling prophecies. The Future of the Negro New York, New York, May 30, 1878 While I do not intend to argue this question on the present occasion, let me ask, if it be not somewhat singular that, if the Constitution were intended to be, by its framers and adopters, a slave-holding instrument, why neither slavery, slaveholding, nor slave can anywhere be found in it. The sunlight that brought life and healing to you, has brought stripes and death to me. Posts and searches for the term civil war have recently spiked on social media and podcasts as the midterm elections approach. Why Was Frederick Douglasss Marriage to Helen Pitts Controversial? The Charles N. Hunter Papers date from the 1850s to 1932 and consist of Hunter's personal and professional correspondence, scrapbooks of clippings, articles, reports, and memorabilia. Wells were incensed at the way European culture was intentionally juxtaposed to demeaning representations of Black and Native Americans. 1411 W Street SE And as a bonus for reading to the very end, here are a couple of quotes from Frederick Douglass that I encourage you to reflect on as we honor him today: Jeralyn Caveis a Senior Communications Associate with Advancement Projects Power & Democracy Campaign. Douglass Monthly, December 1860 Who so obdurate and dead to the claims of gratitude, that would not thankfully acknowledge such priceless benefits? in preference to the gospel,as preached by those Divines! How can we sing the Lords song in a strange land? Although these letters address professional and political issues, Hunter established friendships with many of the noteable correspondents. How to End the War Movement leaders like Douglass and Ida B. Stand by those principles, be true to them on all occasions, in all places, against all foes, and at whatever cost. As noted here, that banquet was attended by prominent Significant correspondents include Charles B. Aycock, Thomas W. Bickett, William E. Borah, Craig Locke, Josephus Daniels, W.E.B. They were great in their day and generation. Request product #203747, ISBN: 978-1-59853-722-2 Douglass Monthly, April 1861 The navy of all the world would not be sufficient to remove our natural increase to that far-off country. We have to do with the past only as we can make it useful to the present and to the future. This is a test popup to ensure its working as expected. After the toast provided by former Senator Blanche K. Bruce, Frederick Douglass rose to deliver a remarkable speech, the full text of which was reported in full by the African American newspaper, The Bee. And while slavery has long been abolished and outlawed, the sentiment behind the address still applies in many unfortunate ways when it comes to the overall Black experience in America. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. I leave, therefore, the great deeds of your fathers to other gentlemen whose claim to have been regularly descended will be less likely to be disputed than mine! He was way ahead of his time, says Bromell, author of The Powers of Dignity: The Black Political Philosophy of Frederick Douglass., He was speaking for a multiracial, diverse America in the 1860s, he says. Then, I dare to affirm, notwithstanding all I have said before, your fathers stooped, basely stooped. In a case like that, the dumb might eloquently speak, and the lame man leap as an hart.. The New National Era, August 10, 1871 Of Douglasss many speeches, What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? was perhaps one of the most well-known. Connect with Accessible Archives on Twitter, Facebook, or Linkedin to stay up to date on news and blog posts or get our latest blog posts by email. S Self-Made Men T The A Call for the British Nation to Testify against Slavery: An Address What point in the anti-slavery creed would you have me argue? London, England, March 30, 1847 Though it is now gone, its asserted spirit remains. An illustration depicting an anti-Chinese riot in Denver, Colorado, in 1880. The Situation of the War This Decision Has Humbled the Nation: An Address ET, July 4, 2022 . The population was weak and scattered, and the country a wilderness unsubdued. The 19th-century leader Frederick Douglass, in an undated portrait. That point is conceded already. The North Star, January 21, 1848 Must I undertake to prove that the slave is a man? The anti-slavery movementtherewas not an anti-church movement, for the reason that the church took its full share in prosecuting that movement: and the anti-slavery movement in this country will cease to be an anti-church movement, when the church of this country shall assume a favorable, instead of a hostile position towards that movement. Reply to Postmaster General Montgomery Blair For more than five decades, from the antebellum period through the Civil War and Reconstruction and into the Gilded Age, Douglass used his voice and wielded his pen in support of abolition and emancipation, equal rights and human dignity. They showed forbearance; but that they knew its limits. Even Mammon seems to have quitted his grasp on this day. To Our Oppressed Countrymen welcome atheism! Douglass, Frederick, 1818-1895 -- Speeches, Remove constraint Names: Douglass, Frederick, 1818-1895 -- Speeches, Charles N. Hunter papers, 1850s-1932 and undated, Aycock, Charles B. What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? Not fewer than forty Americans have, within the past two years, been hunted down and, without a moments warning, hurried away in chains, and consigned to slavery and excruciating torture. As noted here, that banquet was attended by prominent African-American professional men in celebration of the twenty-first anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation.After the toast provided by former Senator Blanche K. Bruce, Douglass confronted an even more hostile political climate than democracy advocates face today. The Composite Nation speech is a brilliant vision of Americas evolving tapestry in all its colors, shades, and ethnicities, Roth, a scholar-in residence at the Jefferson Educational Society, wrote. This, to you, is what the Passover was to the emancipated people of God. He barely knew his mother, who lived on a different plantation and died when he was a young child. In that instrument I hold there is neither warrant, license, nor sanction of the hateful thing; but, interpreted as it ought to be interpreted, the Constitution is a GLORIOUS LIBERTY DOCUMENT. Douglass Monthly, November 1859 Capt John Brown Not Insane Douglass Monthly, March 1863 The Political Thought of Frederick Douglass: In Pursuit of American Liberty. Farewell to the British People: An Address You have no right to wear out and waste the hard-earned fame of your fathers to cover your indolence. Frederick Douglass Paper, November 16, 1855 To say now that America was right, and England wrong, is exceedingly easy. R. R. Raymond) on the platform, are shining examples; and let me say further, that upon these men lies the duty to inspire our ranks with high religious faith and zeal, and to cheer us on in the great mission of the slaves redemption from his chains. And a White Christian nationalist movement, which insists that America was created to be a White, Christian nation, is growing in power. who stand as the very lights of the church, have shamelessly given the sanction of religion and the Bible to the whole slave system. He saw the rise of Jim Crow and murderous White mobs that used insurrectionist violence to attack and overthrow biracial governments throughout the Deep South. When black troops protested they were not receiving pay and treatment equal to that of white troops. Whether we turn to the declarations of the past, or to the professions of the present, the conduct of the nation seems equally hideous and revolting. A battle is still being fought over that idea today. By that act, Mason and Dixons line has been obliterated; New York has become as Virginia; and the power to hold, hunt, and sell men, women, and children as slaves remains no longer a mere state institution, but is now an institution of the whole United States. Author, abolitionist, political activist, and philosopher, Frederick Douglass was a pivotal figure in the decades of struggle leading up to the Civil War and the Did this law concern the mint, anise, and cumin abridge the right to sing psalms, to partake of the sacrament, or to engage in any of the ceremonies of religion, it would be smitten by the thunder of a thousand pulpits. Inspired by the Hebrew prophets and by the language of Shakespeare and Robert Burns, he developed a unique oratorical and literary style that combined scriptural cadences with fierce irony, moral urgency, and keen insight. And there is undeniably a part of White America that has long been suspicious of democracy. Douglass Monthly, September 1862 Washington, D .C ., March 31, 1888 They have all been taught in your common schools, narrated at your firesides, unfolded from your pulpits, and thundered from your legislative halls, and are as familiar to you as household words. How should I look today, in the presence of Americans, dividing, and subdividing a discourse, to show that men have a natural right to freedom? He was absolutely alone. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The clippings have been copied and arranged chronologically; the originals are closed to use. Among the correspondents are several African American Congressional representatives such as George H. White and Henry P. Cheatham; major political figures like Franklin D. Roosevelt and John Alexander Logan; important African American scholars including W.E.B. When Douglass delivered his famous The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro address before an audience at Corinthian Hall in Rochester, New York, on July 5, 1852, he was issuing a scathing indictment of American hypocrisy, Washington Post columnist Courtland Milloy reminded readers. Just here, the idea of a total separation of the colonies from the crown was born! ", The Powers of Dignity: The Black Political Philosophy of Frederick Douglass.. Douglass Monthly, August 1860 His. In the name of universal justice, to whose laws great States not less than individuals are bound to conform, and the terrible consequences of whose violation are as fixed and certain as the universe itself, we implore you to abolish slavery; and thus place your peace and national welfare upon immutable and everlasting foundations. I am not that man. In mid-19th-century America, when public speaking was a form of mass entertainment, Frederick Douglass was a rock star. At some future period I will gladly avail myself of an opportunity to give this subject a full and fair discussion. "Man is man, the world over," he said. to place your order. The first autobiography, The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave, Written by Himself, catapulted him to fame and invigorated the abolitionist movement. Your new moons and your appointed feasts my soul hateth. Nobody doubts it. They strip the love of God of its beauty, and leave the throng of religion a huge, horrible, repulsive form. But Ill start by saying this. Excerpt from Frederick Douglasss Fifth of July Speech (1852). Douglass Monthly, October 1861 I trust, however, that mine will not be so considered. The Celestial Empire, the mystery of ages, is being solved. The Accessible Archives staff was prompt and extremely helpful in helping me retrieve the information I was looking for. There is not time now to argue the constitutional question at length nor have I the ability to discuss it as it ought to be discussed. Specific topics touched on throughout his papers include race relations, voting rights, creating an educational system for African Americans, the temperance movement, reconstruction, African American business and agriculture, the North Carolina Industrial Association, and the North Carolina Negro State Fair. These ministers make religion a cold and flinty-hearted thing, having neither principles of right action, nor bowels of compassion. I have better employments for my time and strength than such arguments would imply. Voters wait in line to cast their ballots during a primary on March 3, 2020, in San Antonio, Texas. Course Book. They seized upon eternal principles, and set a glorious example in their defense. The Real Peril of the Republic The fact that the church of our country, (with fractional exceptions), does not esteem the Fugitive Slave Law as a declaration of war against religious liberty, implies that that church regards religion simply as a form of worship, an empty ceremony, andnota vital principle, requiring active benevolence, justice, love and good will towards man. They that can, may; I cannot. , that banquet was attended by prominent African-American professional men in celebration of the twenty-first anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation. more information on current conditions Douglass met with President Abraham Lincoln. This Fourth [of] July isyours, notmine. September 9, 1847 American human rights lawyer and U.S. attorney general, American journalist and government official. The time for such argument is passed. To My Old Master No Peace for the Slaveholder: An Address I am glad, fellow-citizens, that your nation is so young. The Negro Exodus from the Gulf States: A Paper Some 150 years later, Douglass vision of the US as a multi-hued global beacon of liberty remains fiercely contested. America is false to the past, false to the present, and solemnly binds herself to be false to the future. Fellow-citizens! Author, abolitionist, political activist, and philosopher, Frederick Douglass was a pivotal figure in the decades of struggle leading up to the Civil War and the Reconstruction era. Here are such powerful works as What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?, Douglasss incandescent jeremiad skewering the hypocrisy of the slaveholding republic; The Claims of the Negro Ethnologically Considered, a full-throated refutation of nineteenth-century racial pseudoscience; Is it Right and Wise to Kill a Kidnapper?, an urgent call for forceful opposition to the Fugitive Slave Act; How to End the War, in which Douglass advocates, just days after the fall of Fort Sumter, for the raising of Black troops and the military destruction of slavery; There Was a Right Side in the Late War, Douglasss no-holds-barred attack on the Lost Cause mythology of the Confederacy; and Lessons of the Hour, an impassioned denunciation of lynching and disenfranchisement in the emerging Jim Crow South. Been copied and arranged chronologically ; the originals are closed to use was weak and scattered and. 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list of frederick douglass' speeches